对于一个非相干成像系统,可以将两个非相干点光源的空间分辨能力当作分辨率的标准。除了直接成像外,还可以对像平面上的光场进行其他探测,然后从测量结果中对光源的信息进行统计推断。统计推断的误差极限是由测量结果中的随机性决定的,不同测量方案产生的随机性程度也不同。通过考虑像平面的光场的量子态,使用量子检测和估计理论,可以获得两个关于非相干点光源分辨率的量子极限和最优化测量方案。最近的研究发现,横向空间模式分解复用等方法可以很大程度地改进亚瑞利区域内的两个非相干点光源的分辨率,超越直接成像方法下的经典分辨率极限。本综述介绍了基于量子检测和估计理论的非相干超分辨成像的研究和进展。

This study aimed to investigate the influence of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery on the postoperative defecation function, urinary function and sexual function in low or ultralow rectal cancer. A retrospective study was undertaken on 107 patients (65 laparoscopic resection and 42 laparoctomic resection) with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic or open laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery from April 2009 to April 2013. The quality of life outcomes of all patients, including defection, urinary and sexual function, were assessed at 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. Gastrointestinal quality of life index (GQOLI) was used to evaluate the fecal incontinence and bowel dysfunction. Urinary and sexual functions were studied by means of questionnaires on the basis of the international prostatic symptom score (IPSS) and international index of erectile function (IIEF), respectively. In laparoscopic surgery group, there were two cases of anastomotic leakage, three cases of anastomotic stricture, seven cases of local recurrence, ten cases of hepatic metastasis and five cases of lung metastasis. The satisfaction rates of patients about their defecation function reached 60.3% (35/58, 84.5% (49/58) and 91.3% (53/58) at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, respectively. The assessment after one year showed that the overall incidence of urinary dysfunction was 10.7% (7/65); Among male patients, 18.4% (7/36) suffered from erectile dysfunction and 27.8% (10/36) suffered from ejaculatory dysfunction; 65.5% (19/29) female patients investigated were satisfied with their postoperative sexual life. In open surgery group, there were two cases of anastomotic leakage, two cases of anastomotic stricture, nine cases of local recurrence, ten cases of hepatic metastasis and seven cases of lung metastasis. The satisfaction rates of patients about their defecation function were 56.4% (22/39), 82.1% (32/39) and 94.8% (37/39) at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up, respectively. The assessment after one year showed that the overall incidence of urinary dysfunction was 11.9% (5/42); 25% (4/16) male patients suffered from erectile dysfunction and 31.3% (5/16) suffered from ejaculatory dysfunction; 69.2% (19/26) female patients investigated were satisfied of their postoperative sexual life. There was no statistic difference in the two groups. Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision combined with sphincter-preserving surgery in low or ultralow rectal carcinoma is safe and practicable. It can be helpful for enhancing the probability of anus reservation, and obtains satisfactory defecation, sexual and urinary functions.

通过分析焦平面测试中各种性能参数对数据要求的特点, 提出了一种区别于传统的高效数据采集方法, 并采用ADI最新发布的16位高性能ADC, 设计了基于该方法的高效高精度采集系统.通过内嵌的“RMS硬件算法”和外部SRAM的特殊组合, 在兼容传统测试系统的同时, 大大提高了系统的测试效率.经碲镉汞(HgCdTe)型640×512(15 μm)的红外焦平面(IRFPA)联调实验验证, 采集系统本底噪声低至75 μVrms以下, 对基本参数的计算在2 s左右即可完成, 充分满足高精度高分辨IRFPA对测试系统的苛刻要求, 具有很好的应用前景.